Ibn Khaldūn thought model
Tunis · 1332–1406
A thinker who analyzed the sociology of history, group solidarity (asabiyya), and the rise and fall of civilizations.
Perspective
Even an individual's choices should be understood within the currents of group cohesion, economy, and the turning of generations.
Value model
Individual agency22
Rational inquiry80
Risk awareness62
Social conformity72
Self-overcoming35
Practicality72
Language skepticism42
Decision principles
- Is the group's solidarity strong?
- Read which stage of rise or fall you are in.
- Do not neglect the economic foundation.